观察糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性现状及影响因素分析杨莉

往期阅览 · All Issues-> 2025年 · 2025

中外临床医学，2025年，第1卷，第2期，第83-87页，pISSN 3080-7611、eISSN 3080-762X

发布者：Quest Press

发布日期：2025/10/19

doi 10.12479/questpress-zwlcyx.20250220

Open Access

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观察糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性现状及影响因素分析

杨莉

河南中医药大学第五临床医学院（郑州人民医院），河南郑州，450000

摘要：目的观察糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性现状及影响因素分析。方法以我院2023年4月到2024年8 月收诊的200 例糖尿病患者为研究对象，采用一般调查法、饮食行为依从性、自我控制效能量表等收集资料，确定患者的管理情况，分析影响因素。结果糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性潜在类别的单因素分析中发现，年龄、性别、家族史、文化程度、职业状态、医保类型、家庭人均收入、自我控制效能评分（分）、知识问卷得分（分）、健康信念问卷得分（分）、家庭关怀指数评分（分）对比，差异有统计学意义，（P ＜ 0.05）。糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性潜在类别的多因素分析，低依从与高依从对比饮食行为依从性对比，年龄、文化程度、家庭关怀、健康信念是影响因素，有差异，（P ＜ 0.05）。低依从与中依从对比年龄、文化程度、自我效能，有差异，（P ＜ 0.05）。高依从与中依从对比自我效能、家庭关怀，有差异，（P＜0.05）。结论糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性变化轨迹存在异质性，医护人员可以按照这些轨迹护理管理患者，制定针对性计划，影响患者依从性因素比较多，还需要针对性干预改善患者饮食，保持良好的饮食习惯。

关健词：糖尿病患者；饮食行为；依从性变化轨迹；影响因素分析

Observe the current situation of dietary behavior compliance among diabetic patients and analyze the influencing factors

Li Yang

The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People’s Hospital)Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China

Abstract: Objective To observe the current status of dietary behavior compliance among diabetic patients and analyze theinfluencing factors. Methods A total of 200 diabetic patients admitted to our hospital from April 2023 to August 2024 wereselected as the research subjects. Data were collected using general survey methods， dietary behavior compliance， self-controlefficacy scales， etc.， to determine the management status of the patients and analyze the influencing factors. Result In theunivariate analysis of the potential categories of dietary behavior compliance among diabetic patients， it was found that therewere statistically significant differences in age， gender， family history， educational level， occupational status， type of medicalinsurance， per capita family income， self-control efficacy score (points)， knowledge questionnaire score (points)， health beliefquestionnaire score (points)， and family care index score (points). (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of potential categories ofdietary behavior compliance in diabetic patients: Comparison of dietary behavior compliance between low compliance andhigh compliance. Age， educational level， family care， and health belief are influencing factors， and there are differences (P <0.05). There were differences in age， educational level and self-efficacy between low compliance and medium compliance (P <0.05). There were differences in self-efficacy and family care between high compliance and medium compliance (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The trajectories of changes in dietary behavior compliance among diabetic patients are heterogeneous. Medical staff canmanage and care for patients based on these trajectories and formulate targeted plans. There are many factors affecting patientcompliance， and targeted intervention is still needed to improve patients’ diets and maintain good dietary habits.

Keywords : Diabetic patients； Dietary behavior； Trajectory of compliance changes； Analysis of Influencing Factors

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