山西地区不同年龄段女性人乳头瘤病毒感染率、型别及年龄分布情况
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吴佳丽,杨苗,续静,耿丹
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太原金域临床检验所有限公司，山西太原，030000
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摘要：目的? 针对山西地区乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）在不同年龄、不同类型和年龄分布特点等人群中的感染情况进行分析，为预防宫颈癌的发生提供重要依据。方法? 采集2021年1月-12月送太原金域临床检验所有限公司检测的90893例HPV23分型女性标本，对包括17种高危型在内的23种人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）通过DNA反向点杂交法进行基因型检测。16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、56、58、59、66、68、73、53、82六种低危类型。6、11、42、43、81、83。对HPV感染率、类型分布和年龄分布进行了分析。结果? 在90893例样本中，阴性样本为71525例，阳性样本为19368例，阳性率为21.31%。其中单高危型HPV检出率为11383例，占58.77%，单低危型为HPVLR-HPV--检出率3020例，占15.59%，混合感染检出率为4965例，所占比重为25.64%。主要比较普遍的有16型、52型、53型、58型和51型HR-HPV，阳性样本占10.67%、10.37%、6.06%、4.83%和4.20%；研究发现不同年龄组的感染率各不相同，其中61~70岁组感染率最高，51~60岁组次之，30~40岁组为最低；不同年龄组感染HPV的分型是不一样的，其中≤30岁和41~50岁组以52型为主，感染率分别为2.50%和2.17%，31~40岁、51~60岁、61~70岁组以16型为主，感染率为2.16%、2.66%、3.36%。结论? 山西地区的女性人群感染类型主要是以HPV16、52、53、58、51、42、81等类型为主，为指导山西地区的女性提供预防HPV感染筛查、适用相应疫苗的理论基础。通过对不同年龄人群的感染情况进行统计发现，随着年龄的增加，感染率也会提高，但有性生活的女性在30岁以内的感染率高于31~40岁和41~50岁，表明HPV感染有年轻化的趋势。
关健词：人乳头瘤病毒；感染率；型别；年龄 |
Prevalence, types and age distribution of human papillomavirus among women of different ages in Shanxi Province
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Jiali Wu,Miao Yang,Jing Xu,Dan Geng
Taiyuan Kingmed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd.,Taiyuan Shanxi 030000，China
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Abstract：Objective To analyze the infection characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) among women in Shanxi region, including distribution across different age groups and HPV types, in order to provide a basis for cervical cancer prevention. Methods A total of 90,893 female specimens collected from January to December 2021 at Taiyuan KingMed Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd. were tested for 23 HPV genotypes, including 17 high-risk types (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 53, 82) and 6 low-risk types (6, 11, 42, 43, 81, 83), using DNA reverse dot blot hybridization. The HPV infection rate, type distribution, and age-speciffc prevalence were analyzed.Results Among the 90,893 samples, 71,525 were negative and 19,368 were positive, yielding a positivity rate of 21.31%. Single high-risk HPV infections were detected in 11,383 cases (58.77%), single low-risk HPV infections in 3,020 cases (15.59%), and mixed infections in 4,965 cases (25.64%). The mostprevalent high-risk types were HPV-16 (10.67%), HPV-52 (10.37%), HPV-53 (6.06%), HPV-58 (4.83%), and HPV-51 (4.20%). Infection rates varied by age group, with the highest rate observed in the 61–70 age group, followed by the 51–60 group, and the lowest in the 30–40 group. HPV type distribution also differed by age: HPV-52 was dominant in the ≤30 and 41–50 groups (infection rates: 2.50% and 2.17%, respectively), while HPV-16 was most common in the 31–40, 51–60, and 61–70 groups (infection rates: 2.16%, 2.66%, and 3.36%, respectively).Conclusion The predominant HPV types in Shanxi women were HPV-16, 52, 53, 58, 51, 42, and 81, providing a theoretical basis for HPV screening and vaccination strategies. Statistical analysis revealed that infection rates increased with age, yet women under 30 with sexual activity had higher infection rates than those aged 31–40 and 41–50, suggesting a trend of HPV infection becoming more prevalent among younger populations.
Keywords : Human papillomavirus (HPV)；infection rate；genotype；age
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